Egyptian Pharaohs | Rulers of ancient Egypt and Nubia
Egyptian Pharaohs are those who ruled Egypt after the union of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt under Narmer during the Early Dynastic Period. We know about these Egyptian Pharaohs from many sources such as Egyptian monuments, Foreign contemporary sources, and the Greek historians who visited Egypt.
Besides, our sources from the Old Kingdom such as Palermo Stone, and other sources date back to the New Kingdom. The Royal List of Saqqara, The Royal List of Abydos, The Royal List of Karnak, and Turin Papyrus are some of these sources.
Meanwhile, we have the Tests of Descendents or ancestry dating back to the Late Period. Overall, Manetho from the Ptolemic Period wrote the Aegyptiaca(History of Egypt) under Ptolemy I Soter.
Other sources include the Autobiographies found on the walls of the tombs of Nobles plus the mentions of Egypt in the Bible and Quran.
King Sneferu | Life, Reign, Achievements, Facts, Legacy King Senefru, also known as Sneferu, was a powerful and influential pharaoh of ancient Egypt who reigned during the 4th dynasty, the Old Kingdom of Egypt. He is considered to be one of the most significant pharaohs of ancient Egypt and his reign marked a turning point in the history of the civilization. He expanded Egypt's territories and brought stability to the kingdom and initiated several building projects and architectural achievements that were considered to be engineering marvels. Pharoah Senefru was also the founder of the 4th dynasty and father of the famous pharaoh Khufu, known for building the Great Pyramid of Giza. His legacy in the history of ancient Egypt is truly remarkable and his impact is still felt to this day. This article will take a closer look at King Senefru's life, reign, achievements, and legacy, and how it has shaped the history of ancient Egypt. King Sneferu Early Life and Reign King Senefru, was the son of the pharaoh Huni and queen Meresankh I. He was born into a powerful family and was groomed from a young age to take the throne. During his ascension to the throne, the political climate of ancient Egypt was marked by power struggles and territorial conflicts. The King was able to navigate these challenges and consolidate his power through military campaigns and territorial expansion in Nubia, Lebanon, and Libya. During the early years of his reign, King Senefru led several military campaigns to expand Egypt's territories and bring stability to the kingdom. He also initiated several building projects and architectural achievements, including the construction of the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid, which were considered to be engineering marvels of their time. These early achievements established King Sneferu as a powerful and capable
King Sneferu | Life, Reign, Achievements, Facts, Legacy King Senefru, also known as Sneferu, was a powerful and influential pharaoh of ancient Egypt who reigned during the 4th dynasty, the Old Kingdom of Egypt. He is considered to be one of the most significant pharaohs of ancient Egypt and his reign marked a turning point
Peribsen | Ancient Egyptian History Who was the Pharoah Peribsen? King Peribsen was an ancient Egyptian Pharoah of the Second Dynasty, Early Dynastic Period. His predecessor was Ninetjer and his successor was Khasekhemwy, the builder of Shunet El Zebib. Peribsen Family Until now, we have no idea about the Peribsen family or wives but most probably he was not from the royal family. According to some historians, Peribsen leads a coup to overthrow the sitting king. He is most known for changing with the royal tradition of associating himself with the god Horus and instead putting God Seth, the jackal, on top of his Serekh. There was a political and religious conflict between the followers of Horus and Seth for many years. In other words, there was a civil war between Upper and Lower Egypt and Peribsen made an obvious political statement about it by changing his name and supporting Seth against Horus. Pharoah Royal titulary We found 3 names for the Pharoah Peribsen and seems he changed the Egyptian traditions of that time by replacing God Seth instead of Horus in his Horus name. Horus name Sekhemib means the power of the heart Seth Peribsen Seth, the one who has come forth from them Nebty Name Sekhemib Per-en-maat The two ladies, powerful of heart, who has come forth from the cosmological order" Throne name Peribsen Facts about Peribsen Peribsen ruled Egypt for about seventeen years He was the first king to write his name on a cartouche in Saqqara King Peribsen has a tomb P in Abydos at Umm El Qaab square building without any side chambers There is a seal for the Pharoah in National Museums Liverpool One seal made out of clay was found in a tomb in Beit Khallaf in Upper Egypt A Granite stele was
Peribsen | Ancient Egyptian History Who was the Pharoah Peribsen? King Peribsen was an ancient Egyptian Pharoah of the Second Dynasty, Early Dynastic Period. His predecessor was Ninetjer and his successor was Khasekhemwy, the builder of Shunet El Zebib. Peribsen Family Until now, we have no idea about the Peribsen family or wives but most
Khasekhemwy (2610–2593 BC) | Egypt History Who was the Pharoah Khasekhemwy? King Khasekhemwy was the last king of the Second Dynasty after Peribsen according to the Abydos King List, Saqqara King List, and Royal Canon of Turin. Khasekhemwy Family King Khasekhemwy married Queen Nimaathap who carried the title of mother of the King’s Children. They were king Djoser’s wife Hetephernebti and the parents of his successors Sekhemkhet and Sanakhte. Khasekhemwy Royal titulary From the beginning of the Old Kingdom onwards, each king had five names made up of his name. These titularies were announced at the coronation when a pharaoh officially became king. Khasekhemwy was the last king of the Thinite Dynasty or the Early Dynastic Period which is before the Old Kingdom. So far, we found only three titularies for him. Horus name Kha sekhem (some believe he had a similar predecessor with a very similar name or maybe there are the same person) The powerful one has appeared Kha sekhem wy The powerful ones have appeared Kha sekhemwy hetep netjerwy imef The two powerful ones have appeared, the two lords being satisfied with him Nebty Name Kha sekhemwy hetep netjerwy imef The two powerful ones have appeared, the two lords being satisfied with him Throne name Bebety Facts about Khasekhemwy Khasekhemwy was the last King of the 2nd Dynasty of ancient Egyptian history during the Early Dynastic Period. The King ruled Egypt according to some for 30 years or 18 years He was the successor of Peribsen Some believe the king changed his name from Khasekhem to Khasekhemwy after he put down various rebellions. The only one decorated his Serekh with the God Horus and The God Seth. His name means "The Two Powerful Ones appear" He fights the northern enemies in the city of Nekheb (Hierakonpolis) To
Khasekhemwy (2610–2593 BC) | Egypt History Who was the Pharoah Khasekhemwy? King Khasekhemwy was the last king of the Second Dynasty after Peribsen according to the Abydos King List, Saqqara King List, and Royal Canon of Turin. Khasekhemwy Family King Khasekhemwy married Queen Nimaathap who carried the title of mother of the King’s Children. They
