Medicine in ancient Egypt | The Art of Healing in ancient Egypt | Medical practice, Magic and religion Medicine in ancient Egypt and the medical practices come from medical papyri such as the Ebers papyrus, and the Edwin Smith Papyrus. Besides, the Hearst Papyrus, the London Medical Papyrus, and the tomb’s inscriptions and temple designs such as the Kom Ombo temple surgical instruments. Homer acknowledged in the Odyssey the following “In Egypt, men are more skilled in Medicine than any of humankind”. Also, on the walls of TT17, in the Valley of Nobles, the scribe, and doctor Nebamun from the 18th Dynasty, New Kingdom during the reign of Amenhotep II received a gift from a Syrian prince for his services. Meanwhile, Herodotus mentioned that King Cyrus of Persia has requested Amasis (Ahmose II of the 26th dynasty) to send him the most skillful of all the Egyptian eye doctors. Per Ankh (House of life) The oldest central institution in Kemet (Ancient Egypt). In other words, the oldest university in the world where people studied art, medicine, philosophy, and science. Doctors and mostly they were priests or scribes had to study few years in the Per Ankh to be a general doctor. This means each one treats one disease such as Otolaryngologist, Pediatrics, Dentist, and General internist. Overall and the most professional doctors were the doctor-healers and those who had to study for more years and practice more during their lifetime. Diseases in ancient Egyptian civilization Ancient Egyptians were not like the Sumerians and Babylonians saw the disease as a divine punishment. They saw death as the beginning of another everlasting life in the Duat so, they did their best to have two good life. They created a way to diagnose diseases and a way to treat them. What was the
Medicine in ancient Egypt | The Art of Healing in ancient Egypt | Medical practice, Magic and religion Medicine in ancient Egypt and the medical practices come from medical papyri such as the Ebers papyrus, and the Edwin Smith Papyrus. Besides, the Hearst Papyrus, the London Medical Papyrus, and the tomb’s inscriptions and temple designs
Amun | Origin, Significance, Facts | Ancient Egyptian Gods and Goddesses God Amun, also known as Amen or Ammon, was one of the most important and powerful deities in ancient Egyptian religion and culture. He was considered the supreme god and was associated with the sun, air, and fertility during the New Kingdom of Egypt. Zeus for the Greeks, he is Amun for ancient Egyptians, god of gods. Throughout ancient Egyptian history, Amun's cult and worship played a significant role in the religious, political, and cultural of the Egyptian civilization. This article will explore the origins and early history of Amun, his role in ancient Egyptian religion, the rise and decline of his cult, and his influence on art and architecture. It will examine the various factors that contributed to the god's significant impact on ancient Egypt, and how his legacy continues to be studied and understood today. Origins and early history of Amun The origin of Amun, like many ancient Egyptian gods, is uncertain and debated by scholars. However, it is believed that Amun was originally a local god of the city of Thebes, in Upper Egypt. He was associated with the air and the sun and was considered a god of fertility and regeneration. Amun's name means "hidden" or "concealed" which reflects his mysterious and unknowable nature. In the early years of ancient Egyptian history, Amun was not one of the major gods of the pantheon, but as the city of Thebes grew in power and influence, so did the worship of Amun. He was eventually combined with the god Ra, the sun god, to form Amun-Ra, a powerful creator god who was believed to have brought the world into existence. As Amun-Ra gained popularity, his cult spread throughout Egypt. Thebes became the main center of his worship
Amun | Origin, Significance, Facts | Ancient Egyptian Gods and Goddesses God Amun, also known as Amen or Ammon, was one of the most important and powerful deities in ancient Egyptian religion and culture. He was considered the supreme god and was associated with the sun, air, and fertility during the New Kingdom of Egypt.
The tombs of Nobles in the New Kingdom | Layout, locations, decorations The tombs of Nobles in the new Kingdom of Egypt are located in many places on the west bank of the Nile River in the Theban necropolis depending on the historical era. During the Old Kingdom The tombs of Nobles were in El Tarif, on the north side of the Theban Necropolis. This area was for the provincial governors of Waset (Luxor). From the 11th Dynasty The tombs of Nobles in the New Kingdom spread between El Tarif and Deir El Bahari. These tombs were built around the royal funerary complexes of Draa Abu El Naga and Deir El Bahari. These traditions last till the 17th Dynasty, Second Intermediate Period. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty The tombs of Nobles started to be in different places from the royal necropolis. Engineer Ineni of Thutmose I believe that the Pharaohs’ tombs should be in a separate place. Rules of digging a Noble tomb Digging a tomb for a Nobel man in ancient Egypt was subject to certain rules from the beginning of the 18th dynasty. The very top of Sheikh Abd El Gurna was dedicated to senior statesmen (High Officials). While the lower part of the same place was dedicated to the less-ranking officials. Sometimes we found two tombs for the same person, one at the bottom of the area and one at the top of the area. Historians thought that maybe the one at the bottom was when the owner was a young official and he became an important official, he dug another one at the top with the High Officials. Ramesside period, 19th Dynasty In the Ramesside Period, Nobles chose two places for their tombs in Sheikh Abd El Qura such as Pa Ser TT106. Besides, The south part
The tombs of Nobles in the New Kingdom | Layout, locations, decorations The tombs of Nobles in the new Kingdom of Egypt are located in many places on the west bank of the Nile River in the Theban necropolis depending on the historical era. During the Old Kingdom The tombs of Nobles were in El
Tomb of Sennefer | TT96 the tomb of the vineyards | Valley of Nobles Frankly speaking, if you are in Luxor and have time make sure you do not miss the tomb of Sennefer. Sennefer’s tomb is one of the most beautiful tombs in the Valley of Nobles on Luxor west bank. TT96 is known since the Greco-Roman era because of graffiti on the walls of the tomb. Here, you can see a different 18th Dynasty Nobles’ tomb style and part of the Egyptian civilization through the rich people. Besides, the importance of the ancient Egyptian religion in people’s life. The importance of the family in ancient Egypt in life and death. Who was Sennefer? Sennefer is one of the High Officials of the New Kingdom during the reign of Amenhotep II (1427-1400 BC), near the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty. He became the Mayor of Thebes when his cousin Amenemopet was the Vizier of Upper Egypt. Sennefer Titles during his lifetime Sen Nefer or the good brother carried many titles during his life under Amenhotep II. Here are some of them Mayor of the city (Thebes) Overseer of the Granaries of Amun Overseer of the Herds of Amun Overseer of the gardens of Amun First friend of the palace, the king Ear of the King of Lower Egypt Lord of Kus Where is Sennefer’s tomb located? The tomb of Sennefer is located on Luxor west bank in the Upper Enclosure of the Sheikh Abd el-Qurna district of the Theban Necropolis opposite Luxor in the valley of Nobles. When was the tomb of Sennefer found? The tomb of Sennefer was known since antiquity. We know for sure that Englishman Robert Hay visited the tomb in 1826. Robert Hay copied the scenes of the tomb which is now in the British
Tomb of Sennefer | TT96 the tomb of the vineyards | Valley of Nobles Frankly speaking, if you are in Luxor and have time make sure you do not miss the tomb of Sennefer. Sennefer’s tomb is one of the most beautiful tombs in the Valley of Nobles on Luxor west bank. TT96 is known
Opet Festival in ancient Egypt | New Kingdom of Egypt | Egyptian Festivals What is the Opet Festival? The Opet Festival was one of the most important religious festivals in ancient Egypt, especially during the New Kingdom in Thebes. It was an annual festival during which the sacred barks of the triad of Thebes, Amun, Mut, and Khonsu journeyed from Karnak to Luxor and back since the 18th Dynasty. According to some, the Opet Festival continued into the Roman and the Coptic Period. What is the most important festival in Egypt? Ancient Egyptian history is very rich with feasts and celebrations since the beginning of history. For example, the Saqqara complex has a huge place where they were celebrating the Heb Sed Festival. Meanwhile, during the New Kingdom of Egypt when Luxor was the capital, we found a lot of their feast during that time. During the Greco-Roman era, temples such as Esna, Edfu, Kom Ombo, and Philae still keep a lot of these feasts decorating their walls. Surprisingly, the Palermo stone dates back to 2500 BC and mentioned many of these feasts. Feats in ancient Egypt varied from religious to political feasts allowing all people to share both rich and poor. In fact, one of the most important feasts in the past was the Opet Festival together with the beautiful feast of the Valley. Meanwhile, they have much more feasts like gods’ feasts such as Min Festival, Sokar Festival, Bastet, Hathor, and Isis. The Purpose of the Opet Festival? The purpose of this festival was to give energy to the Netjer—divine power—and to reestablish the pharaoh’s divine right to rule. Queen Hatshepsut who ruled Egypt as a Pharaoh during 1473–1458 BC) is believed to have been the first to develop and celebrate the Opet Festival. During her reign, the
Opet Festival in ancient Egypt | New Kingdom of Egypt | Egyptian Festivals What is the Opet Festival? The Opet Festival was one of the most important religious festivals in ancient Egypt, especially during the New Kingdom in Thebes. It was an annual festival during which the sacred barks of the triad of Thebes, Amun,
