Tag: Abbasid

Mamluks | History, Leaders, Architecture & Decline In this article, we will talk in brief about the history of Egypt during the Mamluk era between 1250 to 1517 in which Egypt was ruled by Mamluks. We will mention who were the Mamluks. How they became rulers of Egypt? How they defeated the Mongols and the Crusaders? and how did the Mamluke state decline? Who are the Mamlukes? Mamluks were imported slaves by the Ayyubid’s rulers, mostly of Turkish or Caucasian stock, who were destined for a military career. The plan was to bring the Mamluks from non-Islamic countries. While they were mostly children who were raised according to strict rules in military barracks isolated from the outside world to guarantee their complete loyalty to the ruler. The Abbasid caliphs in Baghdad brought the Mamluks in the ninth century. After that, they were trained in the cavalry after their conversion to Islam to become soldiers and a force supporting the army under the direct leadership of the ruler. Some of them were appointed to high-command positions in the state, and they were the main reason behind the recruitment of the Mamluks is avoiding the recruitment of tribal members who are loyal and obedient to the leaders of their tribes. Later on, the Mamelukes’ influence increased until they were able to seize power in the year 1250 AD. Egypt was under the control of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi in 1169 AD, and the Mamluks were then part of the army in addition to the Arabs, Kurds, Turkmen, and others. This is to protect against a coup by members of the Ayyubid family and also to protect against attacks by the Crusaders. Saleh Ayoub died after 9 years of ruling over Egypt during the period 1240-1249 AD. Then, a struggle flared up between the